高内压储气库围岩承载机理及承载分区方法研究

刘建友; 吕刚; 张郭鸿; 许有俊

doi:10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202603180004

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高内压储气库围岩承载机理及承载分区方法研究

本刊特稿 | 更新时间：2026-06-22

- 高内压储气库围岩承载机理及承载分区方法研究
- Study on Bearing Mechanism and Zoning Method of Surrounding Rock in Gas Storage Caverns under High Internal Pressure
- 铁道标准设计 2026年70卷第6期页码：1-10
- 作者机构：
  
  中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司，北京　100055
  中能建数字科技集团有限公司，北京　100032
  北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院，北京　100044
  内蒙古科技大学土木工程学院，内蒙古包头　014010
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：刘建友（1982—），男，正高级工程师，2010年毕业于中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，工学博士，主要从事隧道及地下工程设计和研究工作，E-mail:13522182378@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  中国中铁股份有限公司科技开发计划重大课题(2023-ZD-10)
- DOI：10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202603180004
  中图分类号： U25;TU45
- 收稿：2026-03-18，
  
  修回：2026-05-08，
  
  网络首发：2026-05-12，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06-20
- 稿件说明：
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刘建友, 吕刚, 张郭鸿, 等. 高内压储气库围岩承载机理及承载分区方法研究[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(6):1-10.

LIU Jianyou, LYU Gang, ZHANG Guohong, et al. Study on Bearing Mechanism and Zoning Method of Surrounding Rock in Gas Storage Caverns under High Internal Pressure[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(6): 1-10.
刘建友, 吕刚, 张郭鸿, 等. 高内压储气库围岩承载机理及承载分区方法研究[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(6):1-10. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202603180004.

LIU Jianyou, LYU Gang, ZHANG Guohong, et al. Study on Bearing Mechanism and Zoning Method of Surrounding Rock in Gas Storage Caverns under High Internal Pressure[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(6): 1-10. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202603180004.

摘要

【

目的

】针对传统地下储气库过度依赖衬砌和密封系统承载高内压、围岩承载潜力无法充分发挥而限制运行压力与储能效率的现象。【

方法

】基于弹塑性厚壁圆筒理论与Mohr-Coulomb准则，【

结果

】提出围岩承载的空间效应、强度效应和围压效应三大效应框架，系统分析内压经衬砌向围岩传递、扩散与衰减的力学机制，构建以附加应力衰减率为指标的承载分区判据，并将分区结果用于缺陷检测范围划定、探测精度分级及差异化加固设计。【

结论

】空间效应决定围岩参与承载的空间范围，强度效应控制围岩承载上限，围压效应影响围岩裂隙闭合、抗剪和抗拉能力及局部失稳风险；依据附加应力衰减规律进行工程判定，可将围岩划分为主承载区、次承载区和原岩应力区，其中附加应力衰减不超过50%的区域为主承载区，衰减50%～90%的区域为次承载区，衰减超过90%的区域为原岩应力区；对于坚硬完整围岩，主承载区和次承载区外边界分别约为隧道半径的1.4倍和3.2倍。高内压储气库的受力本质并非衬砌结构单独承压，而是内压-结构-围岩-原位应力共同作用下的协同承载过程。所提出的三大效应机理揭示了围岩承载范围、承载水平与稳定状态的内在控制关系，分区判据为运行压力确定、围岩稳定性评价、检测布置及支护加固优化提供了量化依据，可为高内压储气库安全运行与经济设计提供理论支撑。

Abstract

[

Objective

]

To address the issue that traditional underground gas storage facilities rely excessively on lining and sealing systems to bear high internal pressure

thereby limiting the operating pressure and energy storage efficiency due to the inability to fully utilize the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock. [

Methods

]

This study was conducted based on the elastoplastic thick-walled cylinder theory and the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. [

Results

]

A framework of three major effects governing surrounding rock bearing capacity was proposed: spatial effect

strength effect

and confining pressure effect. The mechanical mechanism of internal pressure transmission

diffusion

and attenuation into the surrounding rock through the lining was systematically analyzed. A bearing capacity zoning criterion with the attenu

ation rate of additional stress as an indicator was constructed

and the zoning results were used for defect detection range delineation

detection accuracy classification

and differentiated reinforcement design. [

Conclusion

]

The spatial effect determines the spatial range of surrounding rock involved in load bearing

the strength effect controls the upper limit of the surrounding rock bearing capacity

and the confining pressure effect affects the closure of surrounding rock fissures

shear and tensile resistance

and the risk of local instability. Based on the law of additional stress attenuation

engineering assessment can be conducted to divide the surrounding rock into a primary load-bearing zone

a secondary load-bearing zone

and an in-situ stress zone. The area where the additional stress attenuation does not exceed 50% is the primary load-bearing zone

the area where the attenuation is 50%～90% is the secondary load-bearing zone

and the area where the attenuation exceeds 90% is the in-situ stress zone. For hard

intact surrounding rock

the outer boundaries of the primary and secondary load-bearing zones are approximately 1.4 times and 3.2 times the tunnel radius

respectively. The stress nature of a high-internal-pressure gas storage cavern is not solely borne by the lining structure

but rather a collaborative load-bearing process under the combined action of internal pressure

structure

surrounding rock

and in-situ stress. The proposed three major effect mechanisms reveal the intrinsic control relationship between the load-bearing range

load-bearing level

and stability state of the surrounding rock. The zoning criteria provide a quantitative basis for determining operating pressure

evaluating surrounding rock stability

inspection layout

and optimizing support reinforcement

and provide theoretical support for the safe operation and economic design of gas storage caverns under high internal pressure.

关键词

Keywords

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