西南某山区高速铁路沿线危岩落石运动特征及防护措施研究

许晓君; 张广泽; 周航; 丁浩江; 任云; 李嘉雨

doi:10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202411220002

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西南某山区高速铁路沿线危岩落石运动特征及防护措施研究

线路/路基/轨道 | 更新时间：2026-09-28

- 西南某山区高速铁路沿线危岩落石运动特征及防护措施研究
- Study on Rockfall Movement Characteristics and Protective Measures for Unstable Rock Masses along a High-Speed Railway in a Mountainous Area of Southwest China
- 铁道标准设计 2026年70卷第10期页码：40-49
- 作者机构：
  
  中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司，成都 610031
  四川省艰险山区轨道交通安全风险防控工程研究中心，成都 610031
- 作者简介：
  
  许晓君（1993—），女，工程师，2019年毕业于西南交通大学地质资源与地质工程专业，工学硕士，主要从事铁路地质灾害与防治工作，E-mail:xiaojunx31@163.com。
  通信作者：张广泽（1968—），男，正高级工程师，工学学士，主要从事地质灾害及防治工程研究工作，E-mail:252897727@qq.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  西藏自治区自然科学基金重点项目(XZ202401ZR0083);中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(2022-重大-01);中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科技研究开发计划课题(KDNQ214100)
- DOI：10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202411220002
  中图分类号： U238;U213.1
- 收稿：2024-11-22，
  
  修回：2025-02-08，
  
  网络首发：2025-06-24，
  
  纸质出版：2026-10-20
- 稿件说明：
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许晓君, 张广泽, 周航, 等. 西南某山区高速铁路沿线危岩落石运动特征及防护措施研究[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(10):40-49.

XU Xiaojun, ZHANG Guangze, ZHOU Hang, et al. Study on Rockfall Movement Characteristics and Protective Measures for Unstable Rock Masses along a High-Speed Railway in a Mountainous Area of Southwest China[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(10): 40-49.
许晓君, 张广泽, 周航, 等. 西南某山区高速铁路沿线危岩落石运动特征及防护措施研究[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(10):40-49. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202411220002.

XU Xiaojun, ZHANG Guangze, ZHOU Hang, et al. Study on Rockfall Movement Characteristics and Protective Measures for Unstable Rock Masses along a High-Speed Railway in a Mountainous Area of Southwest China[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(10): 40-49. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202411220002.

摘要

【目的】

危岩落石对铁路安全构成严重威胁，尤其在西南山区的高速铁路桥梁附近，由于多处危岩体的存在，落石灾害风险更加突出。为减少此类自然灾害对铁路安全的威胁，旨在研究危岩体的发育特征、运动规律及其对铁路系统的影响，提出有效防护措施。

【方法】

通过对某高速铁路桥梁一侧危岩区的现场调查和三维数值模拟，揭示该地区危岩体的稳定性及落石的运动特征。该区域地形陡峭，呈现近直立和倒悬的地貌特征，共识别出7处危岩体，均为高位-特高位大型危岩体，其破坏模式主要表现为坠落式和倾倒式。

【结果】

数值模拟结果显示，危岩体从母岩崩落后沿沟槽运动，存在显著归槽现象。在多处危岩体同时存在的情况下，不同危岩体的落石轨迹会受到相邻地形影响，导致轨迹交叉或汇聚后因局部坡度变化发生发散，最终运动路径与初始位置和地形起伏密切相关。结合落石弹跳高度和冲击能量的统计结果，提出采用被动防护网的优化防护方案，在坡底设置防护高度为7 m、防护能量等级为1000 kJ的防护网；在左侧主沟槽设置防护高度为6 m、能量等级为500 kJ的防护网；在右侧主沟槽设置防护高度为6 m、能量等级为1000 kJ的防护网，可有效拦截94%的落石。

【结论】

方法及成果可为同类研究提供指导与借鉴。

Abstract

[Objective]

Rockfalls from unstable rock masses pose a serious threat to railway safety

particularly near high-speed railway bridges in the mountainous areas of Southwest China

where the presence of multiple unstable rock masses makes rockfall hazards more prominent.To reduce the threat posed by

such natural disasters to railway safety

this study aims to investigate the development characteristics

movement patterns

and impacts of unstable rock masses on railway systems and propose effective protective measures.

[Methods]

Through field investigations and three-dimensional numerical simulations of an unstable rock mass zone on one side of a high-speed railway bridge

the stability of the unstable rock masses and the movement characteristics of rockfalls in the region were revealed.The terrain in the area was steep

exhibiting nearvertical and overhanging geomorphic features.A total of seven unstable rock masses were identified

all of which were large unstable rock masses located at high to extremely high elevations.The failure modes were primarily characterized by falling and toppling failures.

[Results]

Numerical simulation results indicated that after detaching from the parent rock

the unstable rock masses moved along the gullies and exhibited a significant channeling effect.In areas with multiple unstable rock masses

rockfall trajectories were influenced by adjacent terrain

causing them to intersect or converge before diverging due to local changes in slope.Ultimately

the movement paths were closely related to the initial positions and terrain undulations.Based on statistical results of rockfall bounce heights and impact energy

an optimized protection scheme using passive protection nets was proposed.The optimized protection scheme included passive protection nets with protection heights of 7 m

6 m

and 6 m and energy levels of 1000 kJ

500 kJ

and 1000 kJ

installed at the slope base

in the left main gully

and in the right main gully

respectively.The proposed scheme could effectively intercept 94% of rockfalls.

[Conclusion]

The methods and findings can provide guidance and serve as a reference for similar studies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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