地铁列车到发均衡与节能协同优化模型

徐培娟; 曹冉; 王旭东; 秦阳; 彭辉

doi:10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202410120007

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地铁列车到发均衡与节能协同优化模型

规划/运输 | 更新时间：2026-07-08

- 地铁列车到发均衡与节能协同优化模型
- Collaborative Optimization Model of Metro Train Arrival-Departure Equilibrium and Energy Saving
- 铁道标准设计 2026年70卷第7期页码：18-24
- 作者机构：
  
  长安大学运输工程学院，西安 710064
  南京地铁运营有限责任公司，南京 210046
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：徐培娟（1989—），女，副教授，2017年毕业于西南交通大学交通运输规划与管理专业，工学博士，主要从事轨道交通运营组织优化、轨道交通安全与管理等方面研究工作，E-mail：peijuan-xu@chd. edu. cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(52072044);陕西省自然科学基金面上项目(2023-JC-YB-496);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410710375)
- DOI：10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202410120007
  中图分类号： U231.92
- 收稿：2024-10-12，
  
  修回：2024-12-27，
  
  网络首发：2025-05-06，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-20
- 稿件说明：
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徐培娟, 曹冉, 王旭东, 等. 地铁列车到发均衡与节能协同优化模型[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(7):18-24.

XU Peijuan, CAO Ran, WANG Xudong, et al. Collaborative Optimization Model of Metro Train Arrival-Departure Equilibrium and Energy Saving[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(7): 18-24.
徐培娟, 曹冉, 王旭东, 等. 地铁列车到发均衡与节能协同优化模型[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(7):18-24. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202410120007.

XU Peijuan, CAO Ran, WANG Xudong, et al. Collaborative Optimization Model of Metro Train Arrival-Departure Equilibrium and Energy Saving[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(7): 18-24. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202410120007.

摘要

【

目的

】随着轨道交通运营环境的改变，列车运行延误事件频发，不仅增加乘客旅行时间和列车能耗，也影响列车在车站的到发均衡性。针对轨道交通列车实时调整问题，研究列车区间晚点情况下的列车均衡到发调整与列车节能优化策略。【

方法

】以列车到发均衡性偏差和终点到达时间偏差最小、总能耗最小为双目标函数，综合考虑列车区间运行约束、车站运行约束和列车牵引特性等约束条件，建立列车运行调整与节能控制协同优化模型。在模型求解过程中，首先采用通用化铁路仿真软件获取不同区间运行时间下的列车能耗数据集；然后改进设计NS-GA-Ⅱ算法，得到列车运行“总能耗-运行图总偏差”的Pareto前沿；最后以南京地铁某线路为实例进行验证，得出晚点干扰下不同能耗和总偏差的调整方案。【

结果

】与传统赶点运行图调整方案相比，本文所提方案的列车运行能耗降低18. 93%，列车到发均衡性提高8. 65%，终点站晚点时间减少4. 48%，均优于赶点方案。研究表明，基于双目标优化的列车运行调整与节能控制协同模型，能够有效平衡列车运行能耗与运行图偏差，在保证运行图秩序的同时实现节能优化。【

结论

】该方法可为轨道交通列车晚点恢复过程中的运行调整与节能控制提供理论依据和技术支持。

Abstract

[

Objective

]

As the operating environment of rail transit changes，train delays occur frequently，which not only increase passenger travel time and train energy consumption but also affect the equilibrium of train arrivals and departures at stations. To address real-time train operation adjustment in rail transit，this study investigates balanced arrival-departure operation adjustment and energy-saving optimization strategies for train delays in sections. [

Methods

]

A collaborative optimization model for train operation adjustment and energy-saving control was established with the dual objectives of minimizing the deviation in train arrival-departure equilibrium and terminal arrival time，as well as minimizing total energy consumption. The model comprehensively considered constraints including section operation，station operation，and train traction characteristics. In the model solution process，a generalized railway simulation software was first used to obtain an energy consumption dataset under different section running t

imes. Then，an improved NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm was designed to obtain the Pareto front of “total energy consumption-total timetable deviation”. Finally，a metro line in Nanjing was used as a case study to derive adjustment schemes with different energy consumption levels and total deviations under delay disturbances. [

Results

]

Compared with the conventional timetable adjustment scheme with the minimum delay，the proposed method reduced train energy consumption by 18. 93%，improved arrival-departure equilibrium by 8. 65%，and reduced terminal delay by 4. 48%，all outperforming the minimum-delay scheme. The study shows that the collaborative model for train operation adjustment and energy-saving control based on dual-objective optimization can effectively balance train energy consumption and timetable deviation，achieving energy-saving optimization while maintaining timetable order. [

Conclusion

]

This method can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for train operation adjustment and energy-saving control during delay recovery in rail transit.

关键词

Keywords

references

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