碱激发对掺玻璃粉混凝土抗钙溶蚀能力的影响

蒋雅君; 郑屹; 宿耀坤; 喻良敏; 徐建奇

doi:10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202406070001

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碱激发对掺玻璃粉混凝土抗钙溶蚀能力的影响

隧道/地下工程 | 更新时间：2026-06-22

- 碱激发对掺玻璃粉混凝土抗钙溶蚀能力的影响
- Effect of Alkali Activation on Calcium Leaching Resistance of Concrete Containing Glass Powder
- 铁道标准设计 2026年70卷第4期页码：141-146
- 作者机构：
  
  西南交通大学土木工程学院，成都　610031
  成都扬华源动新材料科技有限公司，成都　610213
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：蒋雅君（1980—），男，副教授，2008年毕业于西南交通大学隧道工程专业，工学博士，主要从事隧道工程教学和科研工作，E-mail:yajunjiang@swjtu. edu. cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  成都扬华源动新材料科技有限公司研发项目(2018H010255)
- DOI：10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202406070001
  中图分类号： U25;TU528.45
- 收稿：2024-06-07，
  
  修回：2024-08-19，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-20
- 稿件说明：
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蒋雅君, 郑屹, 宿耀坤, 等. 碱激发对掺玻璃粉混凝土抗钙溶蚀能力的影响[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(4):141-146.

JIANG Yajun, ZHENG Yi, SU Yaokun, et al. Effect of Alkali Activation on Calcium Leaching Resistance of Concrete Containing Glass Powder[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(4): 141-146.
蒋雅君, 郑屹, 宿耀坤, 等. 碱激发对掺玻璃粉混凝土抗钙溶蚀能力的影响[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2026,70(4):141-146. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202406070001.

JIANG Yajun, ZHENG Yi, SU Yaokun, et al. Effect of Alkali Activation on Calcium Leaching Resistance of Concrete Containing Glass Powder[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2026, 70(4): 141-146. DOI： 10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202406070001.

摘要

钙溶蚀引起的混凝土钙离子析出是造成隧道排水系统结晶堵塞的主要原因，使用玻璃粉替代部分水泥可以增强混凝土的抗钙溶蚀能力，但其在初期效果有限。为提升玻璃粉对混凝土抗钙溶蚀能力在水化初期的效果，通过室内接触溶蚀试验研究3种碱激发方式对掺玻璃粉混凝土试块抗钙溶蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明，不进行碱激发只掺入20%玻璃粉能够减少43.43%的钙离子析出；碱激发后，在溶蚀第5 d，碱激发组试块减少钙离子析出的效果能达到不使用碱激发试块在第25～30 d的效果；使用氢氧化钠单独激发、硅酸钠单独激发以及氢氧化钠和硅酸钠复合激发在试验期间内减少钙离子析出的效果分别为62.96%、49.50%和57.69%。然而，在溶蚀第56 d时，碱激发试块中的Ca（OH）

含量没有明显减少，这表明在长期溶蚀过程中，碱激发对玻璃粉火山灰活性的提升效果有限；使用硅酸钠单独激发时，在溶蚀第56 d时其试块中Ca（OH）

含量反而高于未碱激发组试块，这表明长期状态下硅酸钠不利于玻璃粉的火山灰活性发挥。基于本研究结果，推荐使用氢氧化钠单独激发方式提升掺玻璃粉混凝土的抗钙溶蚀能力。

Abstract

Calcium ion precipitation in concrete caused by calcium leaching is the main cause of crystallization clogging in tunnel drainage systems. Replacing part of the cement with glass powder can enhance the calcium leaching resistance of concrete，but its effect is limited at the early stage. To improve the effect of glass powder on the calcium leaching resistance of concrete at the early stage of hydration，this study investigated the effects of three alkali activation methods on the calcium leaching resistance of concrete specimens containing glass powder through laboratory contact leaching tests. The results showed that adding 20% glass powder without alkali activation reduced calcium ion precipitation by 43.43%. After alkali activation，on day 5 of leaching，the reduction effect on calcium ion precipitation in the activated specimens reached the level achieved by the non-activated specimens at days 25 to 30. During the test period，the reductions in calcium ion precipitation achieved by NaOH activation alone，Na

SiO

activation alone，and combined activation of NaOH and Na

SiO

were 62.96%，49.50%，57

.69%，respectively. However，the Ca（OH）

content in the alkali-activated specimens did not decrease significantly on day 56 of leaching，indicating that alkali activation has a limited effect on improving the pozzolanic activity of glass powder during long-term leaching. Under Na

SiO

activation alone，the Ca（OH）

content in the specimens was higher than that in the nonactivated specimens on day 56 of leaching，indicating that Na

SiO

is unfavorable for the pozzolanic activity of glass powder in the long term. Based on the results of this study，NaOH activation alone is recommended to enhance the calcium leaching resistance of concrete containing glass powder.

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